The heart is located under the rib cage, to the left of the breastbone (sternum) and between the lungs. Doyourdata super eraser 5 7 – secure deletion of data. Your heart is an amazing organ. Shaped like an upside-down pear, this fist-sized powerhouse pumps five or six quarts of blood each minute to all parts of your body.
The Heart and Blood Vessels
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Large red vessel (the aorta) - Large artery that carries blood from of the left ventricle to the arteries of the body.
Large blue vessel (vena cava) _(includes the superior and inferior vena cava) - _Large vein that empties blood into the right atrium of the heart.
Front View (Anterior) of the Heart
Outside View of the Back (Posterior) of the Heart
Coronary veins (in blue) -take oxygen-poor ('deoxygenated') blood that has already been 'used' by muscles of the heart and returns it to the right atrium.
Circumflex artery - supplies blood to the left atrium and the side and back of the left ventricle.
Left coronary artery - divides into two branches (the circumflex artery and the left anterior descending artery).
Left anterior descending artery (LAD) - supplies blood to the front and bottom of the left ventricle and the front of the septum.
Pulmonary veins -bring oxygen-rich blood back to the heart from the lungs.
Right coronary artery (RCA) - supplies blood to the right atrium, right ventricle, bottom portion of the left ventricle and back of the septum.
Inside the Heart
The heart is a four-chambered, hollow organ.
It is divided into the left and right side by a muscular wall called the septum. The right and left sides of the heart are further divided into:
- Two atria - top chambers, which receive blood from the veins and
- Two ventricles - bottom chambers, which pump blood into the arteries
The atria and ventricles work together, contracting and relaxing to pump blood out of the heart.
As blood leaves each chamber of the heart, it passes through a valve. There are four heart valves within the heart:
- Mitral valve
- Tricuspid valve
- Aortic valve
- Pulmonic valve (also called pulmonary valve)
The tricuspid and mitral valves lie between the atria and ventricles. The aortic and pulmonic valves lie between the ventricles and the major blood vessels leaving the heart.
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The heart valves work the same way as one-way valves in the plumbing of your home, preventing blood from flowing in the wrong direction.
Each valve has a set of flaps, called leaflets or cusps. The mitral valve has two leaflets; the others have three. The leaflets are attached to and supported by a ring of tough, fibrous tissue called the annulus. The annulus helps to maintain the proper shape of the valve.
The leaflets of the mitral and tricuspid valve are also supported by tough, fibrous strings called chordae tendineae. These are similar to the strings supporting a parachute. The chordae tendineae extend from the valve leaflets to small muscles, called papillary muscles, which are part of the inside walls of the ventricles.
- Learn more about your heart valves or valve disease.
The normal aortic valve
The normal mitral valve
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- Care Notes
- Overview
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW:
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What is heart block?
Heart block is a problem with the flow of electrical signals in your heart. The electrical signals control the way your heart beats. With heart block, these signals are delayed or interrupted completely. This affects the way your heart beats.
What are the types of heart block?
- First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block slows the time it takes the electrical signal to travel from the atria to the ventricles.
- Second-degree AV block caues the electrical signal to slow with each beat until it stops completely. The block may happen from time to time. It may also happen when you are do a certain activity, such as exercise.
- Third-degree AV block is also known as Complete Heart Block (CHB). CHB prevents the signals from the atria from reaching the ventricles. The ventricles will beat on their own, but it is a very slow beat. This is a life-threatening condition.
What increases my risk for heart block?
- Previous heart attack or heart failure
- Heart valve conditions or surgery on your heart valves
- Some medicines, or being exposed to toxins
- Lyme disease
- Older age
What are the signs and symptoms of heart block?
Signs and symptoms depend on how severe your heart block is. You may not have any symptoms or you may have any of the following:
- Fatigue or confusion
- Lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
How is heart block diagnosed?
Healthcare providers will try to find the cause of your heart block. An EKG will be used to diagnose your heart block. An EKG is used to check the electrical activity in your heart. You may need to wear an EKG monitor for a few days while you do your daily activities. This monitor is also called a Holter monitor. You may need any of the following to find the cause of your heart block:
- Blood tests may be done to check for infection, measure your electrolyte levels, or check for other causes of heart block.
- A chest x-ray will show the size of your heart and check for fluid in your lungs.
- A stress test helps healthcare providers see the changes that take place in your heart while it is under stress. Healthcare providers may place stress on your heart with exercise or medicine.
How is heart block treated?
Treatment depends on how severe your heart block is. You may not need any treatment. When symptoms are severe, you may need the following:
Heart Emoji
- Heart medicine may be given to help your heart beat correctly until a pacemaker can be placed.
- A pacemaker is a small device that helps your heart beat at a normal speed and in a regular rhythm. You may need a temporary or permanent pacemaker. A temporary pacemaker is a short-term treatment in the hospital. The pacemaker is applied to your skin with sticky pads or placed into a vein in your neck or chest. A pacing device helps keep your heartbeat stable. A permanent pacemaker is put under the skin of your chest or abdomen during surgery. A tiny battery creates electrical impulses that keep your heart rate regular.
- Treatment of the cause of your heart block may be done if it can reverse the effects. For example, IV antibiotics may be given for Lyme Disease.
Care Agreement
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